第176章 李自成僭号李明睿议南迁正月初三日等（第1页）
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李自成僭号
初三壬辰日，李自成在西安自称帝王，擅自建国号为“大顺”
，定年号为“永昌”
。他任命宋献策为军师，牛金星为丞相，设立六部，每部设尚书一人、侍郎二人，左侍郎则随军征战。其中，宋企郊为吏部尚书、杨建烈为户部尚书、喻上猷为兵部尚书、巩某为礼部尚书、6之祺为刑部尚书、李振声为工部尚书，这些人均为明朝降附的官员。
当日，李自成派遣刘宗敏、李过等人率领两万兵力为前锋，所过之处无不攻破。李自成收到报告，认为可以长驱直入，于是留下文官以及武将李友等少数人留守西安，自己亲率五十万马步大军，与诸将一起从禹门口渡过黄河，沿途攻占河东、河津、稷山、荥河、临晋等地，垣曲知县被迫递降表投降。另有说法称，李自成于初二日兵，至十四日癸丑过黄河，平阳州县官员纷纷逃亡，守军将领也都逃走。
李自成致信朝廷兵部约定决战，声称三月十日将抵达。兵部接信的官员是京师人，自涿州返回时遇到一位孤身旅客，那旅客给了他十两银子，让他代为投递信函给兵部，结果被朝廷认为是欺诈，被斩。
李明睿议南迁（正月初三日）
皇帝召见左中允李明睿。李明睿，南昌人，因其老师都察院左都御史李邦华及总督吕大器的特别推荐，从田间被起用。此次皇帝特意在德正殿召见他。皇帝询问李明睿防御贼寇的策略，李明睿请求屏退左右，秘密陈奏。他快步走到御案前，对皇帝说：“臣自蒙召以来，多方探听贼情，得知情况极为恶劣，如今贼寇已逼近京畿附近，正是国家危急存亡的关键时刻，唯有南迁一策，可暂时缓解眼前危机。”
皇帝听后说：“此事关乎重大，不可轻易谈论”
。皇帝以手指天，说不知道上天如何安排。李明睿回答：“天命虽然微妙难测，但关键在于陛下内心决断，切勿犹豫不决，将来后悔莫及。”
皇帝环顾四周，确认无人在场后，低声说：“此事我早已考虑很久，只是无人支持，所以一直拖延至今。你所言与朕心意相符，但外廷恐怕不会赞同，怎么办呢？此事关系重大，你必须保密，切不可泄露半句。若有泄露，你将为此承担责任。”
皇帝返回宫中，赐宴李明睿于文昭阁。待太原陷落后，李明睿再次上疏力劝南迁，皇帝对此深表赞同，下令相关部门迅商议。然而，兵科给事中光时亨先上奏弹劾李明睿的建议为邪说，声称不杀李明睿，不足以安定人心。皇帝说：“光时亨阻挠朕南行，原本应当处斩，姑且饶他这一回。”
至此，南迁的提议被搁置。
曾应遴言拨乱之策
初四癸巳日，工科给事中曾应遴进言指出：“如今的士绅富豪们，都是依靠收取地租、赋税过着安逸生活，犹如吸取百姓骨髓一般，平日里他们操纵奇货、囤积居奇，以此欺骗民众，而独享利益。当面临战乱时，却期望贫民百姓出力保护他们，这实属不合道理。藩王秦王富甲天下，西安府库中储存的财富不下千百万两白银，但当贼寇攻破西安时，这些财富悉数落入贼手。倘若这些士绅富豪平日里少些对民众的剥削，遇到战事时多些军饷犒赏士兵，或许不至于落到如此地步。因此，现今的士绅富豪们也应该适当捐赠财物以救济贫困百姓，这也是拯救民众、平定乱局的有效策略。”
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